In
Wellington, New Zealand, the Tawa Islamic Center managed by the Wellington
Islamic Association has been offering Friday and daily five prayers for a long
time, but the direction of the Qibla is slightly away from the Holy Kaaba ۔ ) it should be clear that it is still within 45 degrees)
Now
it has been decided to build a Sunni mosque by adding the same existing center
in it.
If
the direction of the new mosque is directed towards the exact Qiblah, there is
a strong fear of a great persecution /Fitna that people will worry about their
past prayers performed.
Mufti
Sahib is requested to issue a fatwa in the light of Hanafi jurisprudence that
the new mosque can be built towards the current direction or not.
بسم الله الرحمن الرحیم۔۔۔ الجواب بعون الوھاب
One
of the most important conditions for performing the prayer is facing the Qiblah
۔ The author of Bada'i al-Sana'i has
described its importance as follows ۔
ومنها استقبال القبله لقوله تعالى فول وجهك شطر المسجد الحرام وحیث ما كنتم فولوا وجوھكم شطره وقول النبي صلى الله علیه وسلم لایقبل الله صلاۃ امرئ حتى یضع الطهور مواضعه ویستقبل القبله ویقول الله اكبر۔۔ الخ
And
one of the conditions of prayer is to face towards the Qibla, as Allah Ta'ala
says:, turn your face towards Masjid Haram wherever you are.
And
the Holy Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) says that Allah does
not accept the prayer of a person until he does not perform ablution and does
not face the Qiblah and does not say Allahu Akbar.
کتاب الصلاۃ۔۔۔ باب شروط الصلاۃ جلد ١ صفحہ ١١۷
And
one of the conditions of prayer is to face the Qibla while having ability.
There are two ways of facing the Qibla, one is to face the exact direction of
the Kaaba and the other is to face the direction of the Kaaba. The Writer of
Al-Bahar Ur Raiq wrote,
فللمکی فرضہ اصابۃ عینها ای عین القبلۃ بمعنی الکعبۃ للقدرۃ علی الیقین
It
is obligatory for those who live in Makkah to face the Kaaba exactly when there
is opportunity (sight of it) .
و فی التجنیس: من کان بمعاینۃ الکعبۃ فالشرط اصابۃ عینها ومن لم یکن بمعاینتها فالشرط اصابۃ جهتها وھو المختار
And
it is written in Tajnis that whoever sees the Kaaba, it is a condition for him
to face the Kaaba exactly, and for him who cannot see the Kaaba due to the
distance, it is a condition for him to face the direction of the Kaaba,
(preferred quote)
وجهه الكعبه تعرف بالدلیل والدلیل في الامصار والقرى المحاریب التي نصبها الصحابه والتابعون فعلینا اتباعهم فان لم تكن فالسؤال من اھل ذلك الموضع واما في البحار والمفاوز فدلیل القبله النجوم ھكذا في فتوى قاضیخان
And
the dimensions of the Kaaba are known through signs, and the evidence for this
is the mihrabs that the Sahaba and the Tabaeen have installed in the cities and
villages, and we should follow them, then if those signs are not found then ask
the residents in the area. and the proof of direction of Qibla in seas,
deserts, forests etc. will be stars ۔
And,
There is further explanation in Bahr Ur Raiq.
قوله ولغیره اصابه جهتها اي لغیر المكي فرضه اصابه جهتها وھو الجانب الذي توجه الیه الشخص یكون مسامتا للکعبۃ او لهوائها اما تحقیق بمعنى انه لو فرض خط من تلقا وجهه على زاویه قائمه الى الافق یكون مارا على الكعبه او ھوائها واما تقریبا بمعنى ان یكون ذلك منحرفا عن الكعبه او ھوائها انحرافا لا تزول به للمقابله بالكلیه بان بقى شيء من سطح الوجه مستامتا لها ۔ ۔۔ الخ
That
is, it is obligatory for a Non-Meccan to face the direction of the Kaaba and it
will be valid if a person faces the Kaaba in front of it or its atmosphere, if
it is in real, like if a line is drawn across its face. Making a right angle to
the horizon on the alignment of, then he will be going towards the Kaaba, or
almost close to Kabaa in such a way that it is not away from the Kaaba or its
atmosphere that it does not face it at all, i.e. there is something facing the
Kaaba"
From
the above explanation, it was found that it is necessary for a non-Meccan to
face towards the direction of the Kaaba, and there is also room for slight
deviation from the direction of the Kaaba, that is, even if there is a slight
deviation from the direction of the Kaaba for some reason, the prayer will be
permissible without any issue.
حاشیہ ابن عابدین علی الدر المختار کتاب الصلوٰۃ باب شروط الصلاۃ استقبال القبلۃ
صفحہ ١۲۸ -جلد ١ طبع سعید کراتشی
And
Naheer Al Taftazaani Said In The Explanation Of Book Al Kashaaaf.
فیعلم منه انه لو انحراف لا تزول منه المقابلۃ الكلیۃ جاز ۔ ویؤیده ما قال في الظهیریه۔ اذا تیامن او تیاسر تجوز لان وجه الانسان مقوس لأن عند التیامن او التیاسر یکون احد جوانبہ الی القبلۃ
This
text is further explained by a book called Al Tajnees
اذا حول وجهہ لا تفسد صلاتہ و تفسد بصدره
That
is, when the face of a person who prays turns away from the direction of the
Qibla, the prayer will not be invalid, but if the chest turns away from the
direction of the Qibla, then the prayer will be invalid.
Because
the deviation of the face is minor and it is forgiven because the Holy Shariat
has forgiven a minor thing in order to remove the harm.
And
the movement of the chest is a lot of deviation, which invalidates the prayer ۔ And in the issue of the direction of the Kaaba, the slight
deviation is considered to be 45 degrees to the right and 45 degrees to the
left, as this was quoted from Zahiriya previously.
And
It Is Written By Faqih Ul Asar Mufti Amjad Ali Aazmi In BahareShariat That
It
is common to face the Qiblah, to face the Holy Kaaba exactly, as for the people
of Makkah, or to face it's direction, as for others, that is, the reason is
that when a person can Find the specific direction of the
Kaaba,
even though the Kaaba is hidden. Like in the houses of Makkah, while for
example one can see from the roof and can look at the Kaaba, then it is
obligatory to face the Kaaba and the dimension is not enough and that the one
who can not determine the Kaabah, even if it is in Makkah. It is enough to face
the direction of the Kaaba ۔
افادا ت رضویہ--بہار شریعت جلد اول حصہ ۳ صفحہ ۴۸۷ مکتبہ المدینہ کراتشی
Imam
Ahmed Raza Khan Hanfi Says That The Validity of every direction (right or left)
remains the same while varying to 45 degree, as the proper direction towards
kaabaah.
فتاوی رضویہ جلد ۴ صفحہ نمبر ۶۰۸ رضا فاؤنڈیشن لاہور
Imam
Ahmed Raza Khan says that the problem here is to know how much the mihrab of
the mosque deviates from the wall ۔
If This Deviation is within the 45 degrees varying then the prayer is
acceptable without any issue towards Mihrab and the Leaving of This Slight
Deviation is Appreciable /Mustahab Only.
He
further states that as long as the deviation is not 45 degrees or more, the
prayer is undoubtedly permissible and that facing the confirmed direction of
the Qiblah is neither fard nor wajib, but only Sunnah Mustahab.
And
States Further that it is written in Hilyaa That:
ھذا استحباب والاول للجواز یرید ان عدم الانحراف مهما قدر مستحب۔۔الانحراف مع عدم الخروج عن الجهه بالكلیه جائز
That
It Is Basically better and The First one is for Permission, This is for
recommendation and the first one is for justification. It means that no matter
how much deviation there is, it is recommended, and no matter how much
deviation does not leave the dimension of the Kaaba, it is also permissible.
In
the light of the above-mentioned proofs, it is clear that for the non-Meccan
people, the only way to face the Qiblah is to pray facing the direction of the
Qiblah. While constructing a mosque, the search of dimension of Qibla should be
kept in mind.
But
when there is a Shariah requirement or a correct recognition is not possible or
there is a fear of fitnah which is based on affirm information, then due to
this there is a slight deviation from the direction of Qibla which is within 45
degrees, then praying with it,Or building a mosque is right without any issue.
Imam
Ahmad Raza Khan Khan Barilvi says that the scholars have stated this order that
if the prayer is completely out of the direction, then the prayer is invalid
and if the prayer is within the limits of the direction, i.e. 45 degrees, then
it is permissible that the Qibla of the non-Mecca is the dimension only and not
exactly finding the Kaaba.
Imam
Ka'aSaani Says in his book Al Hilya, :
قبلته حاله البعد جهه الكعبه وھي المحاریب لا عین الكعبه
In
the case of distance from the Kaaba, the direction is the Qibla and that is the
Mihrab Mosque and not the Kaaba at all. Yes, if it is impossible to find it,
then it is mustahab to be near it, and leaving the mustahab does not cause even
the slightest displeasure, so the haram is very great thing.
And
It is written in Bahr Ur Raiq Baab Ul Eedyn that:
لا یلزم ترك المستحب بثبوت الكراھه اذ لا بد لها من دلیل
Abandonment
of the better does not require disapproval because there must be special
evidence to prove it
فتاوی رضویہ، جلد 6 صفحہ
64
If
people are explained by explaining the above arguments that the direction of
the Qibla should be researched, then it is better and Appreciateable , as the
same method is used in general mosques. And even if the direction is within 45
degrees of deviation from the Qiblah, the prayer is valid without disapproval. Those
who have prayed earlier are also correct and those who will pray now will also
be correct, so this method is better that the Qiblah of the mosque should be in
the direction of research, otherwise if people do not understand and there is a
belief or suspicion that fitnah will spread. prevail because sedition is a more
serious crime than murder and it is obligatory to avoid it, then the direction
of the mosque will be correct even with a deviation within 45 degrees.
Those
who have prayed earlier are also correct and those who will pray now will also
be correct, so this method is better that the Qiblah of the mosque should be in
the direction of research, otherwise if people do not understand and there is a
belief or suspicion that fitnah will spread. prevail because sedition is a more
serious crime than murder and it is obligatory to avoid it, then the direction
of the mosque will be correct even with a deviation within 45 degrees and the
prayers offered in it will be correct ۔
ھذا ما عندي والله ورسوله اعلم بالصواب
وصلى الله على خیر خلقه ونور عرشه محمد واله واصحابه واتباعه الى یوم الدین
امین بحرمۃ النبي الامین وخاتم النبیین صلى الله علیه وسلم
حرره--المفتي عابد علي السیفي العلیمي غفر له
الجامعۃ العلیمیۃ الاسلامیۃ
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